Spring Steel & Alloy Standards Cross-Reference (EN 10270, DIN, AISI, AFNOR)
Compare EN 10270, EN 10132-4, Werkstoffnr., AISI/ASTM, and AFNOR spring alloys with shear modulus G, tensile strength Rm, max temperature, and EN 15800 grades.
EN 10270 • EN 10132-4 • WERKSTOFFNR. • AISI / ASTM • AFNOR
European & International Spring Steel & Alloy Cross-Reference Matrix
Compare official European (EN), German (Werkstoffnr. / DIN), American (AISI / ASTM / UNS), and French (AFNOR) designations alongside shear modulus (G), elastic modulus (E), tensile strength (Rm), and maximum service temperature.
| European Standard (EN / ISO) | Werkstoffnr. (DIN) | AISI / ASTM / UNS | AFNOR / Legacy | Moduli G / E (MPa) | Rm (MPa) & Max Temp | Engineering Tools & RFQ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EN 10270-1 (SH / DH) Highest fatigue & tensile strength for cold-coiled dynamic springs in dry indoor environments. | 1.1200 | ASTM A228 (Music Wire) Wire (0.1 – 16 mm) | C85D / XC80 | G: 81,500 E: 206,000 | 1,600 – 2,850 MPa Max: 100 °C | |
| EN 10132-4 (C75S / C67S) Standard carbon spring strip for stamped flat springs, clips, and Bihler multi-slide parts. | 1.1248 / 1.1231 | SAE 1074 / 1075 Strip & Sheet (0.1 – 5 mm) | XC75 / XC68 | G: 78,500 E: 206,000 | 1,250 – 1,850 (QT) MPa Max: 120 °C | |
| EN 10270-2 (FDSiCr / VDSiCr) Oil-tempered silicon-chromium valve spring wire for high-cycle dynamic shock & elevated temperature. | 1.7102 (54SiCr6) | ASTM A401 / SAE 9254 Wire (1.0 – 16 mm) | 55SiCr6-3 | G: 79,500 E: 206,000 | 1,650 – 2,150 MPa Max: 160 °C | |
| EN 10270-3 / EN 10151 Primary corrosion-resistant austenitic spring steel for industrial, automotive, and food equipment. | 1.4310 | AISI 302 / 301 (ASTM A313) Wire & Strip (0.1 – 14 mm) | Z12CN17-07 (X10CrNi18-8) | G: 70,000 E: 185,000 | 1,300 – 2,200 MPa Max: 250 °C | |
| EN 10270-3 (X5CrNiMo17-12-2) Molybdenum-alloyed marine & chemical stainless steel resisting chlorides and low magnetic permeability. | 1.4401 / 1.4404 | AISI 316 / 316L Wire & Strip (0.15 – 12 mm) | Z7CND17-11-02 | G: 68,500 E: 180,000 | 1,150 – 1,850 MPa Max: 250 °C | |
| ISO 5832-1 / EN 10088 Vacuum-melted medical implant grade stainless steel with extreme micro-cleanliness and biocompatibility. | 1.4441 | ASTM F138 (316LVM) Wire (0.1 – 4.0 mm) | Z2CND18-15 | G: 69,000 E: 185,000 | 1,350 – 1,950 MPa Max: 250 °C | |
| EN 10270-3 / EN 10151 Precipitation-hardened stainless steel combining carbon-steel fatigue life with superior thermal stability up to 300 °C. | 1.4568 | AISI 631 / 17-7 PH (AMS 5678) Wire & Strip (0.2 – 10 mm) | Z8CNA17-07 (X7CrNiAl17-7) | G: 73,000 E: 195,000 | 1,650 – 2,350 MPa Max: 300 °C | |
| EN 10088-3 (X2CrNiMoN22-5-3) Austenitic-ferritic duplex stainless steel with superior stress-corrosion cracking resistance in brine/offshore. | 1.4462 | UNS S32205 / S31803 (2205) Wire (0.4 – 8.0 mm) | Z3CND22-05Az | G: 70,000 E: 190,000 | 1,500 – 2,050 MPa Max: 250 °C | |
| EN 12166 / EN 1652 (CW452K) Non-magnetic (μr ≈ 1.000), spark-free phosphor bronze for electrical contacts, marine valves, and cryogenics. | 2.1020 (CuSn6) | ASTM B159 (C51900) Wire & Strip (0.15 – 6.0 mm) | CuSn6P | G: 42,000 E: 115,000 | 850 – 1,150 MPa Max: 120 °C | |
| EN 12166 / EN 1652 (CW101C) Age-hardened beryllium copper delivering highest electrical conductivity + spring elasticity in non-magnetic alloy. | 2.1247 (CuBe2) | ASTM B197 / B194 (C17200) Wire & Strip (0.1 – 4.0 mm) | CuBe2 | G: 48,000 E: 130,000 | 1,250 – 1,500 MPa Max: 200 °C | |
| EN 12166 / EN 1652 (CW508L) Economical non-magnetic spring brass for low-voltage terminals, switchgear clips, and decorative hardware. | 2.0321 (CuZn37) | ASTM B134 (C27200) Wire & Strip (0.2 – 5.0 mm) | CuZn36 / UZ36 | G: 39,000 E: 110,000 | 650 – 900 MPa Max: 100 °C | |
| NiCr15Fe7TiAl (ISO 6208) Industry benchmark nickel-chromium superalloy for nuclear, aerospace, and valve springs operating up to 550 °C. | 2.4669 | Inconel® X-750 (UNS N07750 / AMS 5698) Wire & Strip (0.2 – 12 mm) | NC15Fe7TiAl | G: 76,000 E: 214,000 | 1,350 – 1,950 MPa Max: 550 °C | |
| NiCr19Fe19Nb5Mo3 Nb-hardened nickel superalloy with superior creep-rupture strength up to 600 °C and sour-gas (NACE MR0175) resistance. | 2.4668 | Inconel® 718 (UNS N07718 / AMS 5662) Wire & Strip (0.3 – 10 mm) | NC19FeNb | G: 77,200 E: 205,000 | 1,450 – 2,050 MPa Max: 600 °C | |
| NiCr20Co18Ti (BS HR 501) Nickel-cobalt-chromium superalloy offering minimal thermal relaxation between 500 °C and 650 °C in turbines. | 2.4632 | Nimonic® 90 (UNS N07090) Wire (0.4 – 10 mm) | NC20K18TiAl | G: 82,000 E: 213,000 | 1,400 – 1,900 MPa Max: 650 °C | |
| NiMo16Cr15W Nickel-molybdenum-chromium-tungsten alloy immune to wet chlorine, ferric chlorides, and hot mineral acids. | 2.4819 | Hastelloy® C-276 (UNS N10276) Wire (0.25 – 8.0 mm) | NC16Mo16W | G: 79,000 E: 205,000 | 1,250 – 1,750 MPa Max: 400 °C | |
| ISO 5832-7 (CoCr20Ni15Mo7) Strictly non-magnetic (μr < 1.001), biocompatible Co-Cr-Ni alloy with exceptional fatigue life for MRI & aerospace seals. | 2.4711 | Elgiloy® / Phynox (UNS R30003 / AMS 5876) Wire & Strip (0.08 – 5.0 mm) | KCN20Co40Mo7 | G: 77,000 E: 200,000 | 1,700 – 2,400 MPa Max: 380 °C |
No alloy matches your search query. Try searching by Werkstoff number (e.g. 1.4310) or AISI code.
DIN 2095 / EN 15800:2008 QUALITY GRADES
Spring Manufacturing Tolerance Grades (Grade 1 vs. Grade 2 vs. Grade 3)
Selecting an overly tight tolerance grade (Grade 1) when Grade 2 suffices can increase sorting and grinding costs by 25%–40%. Use this reference to align your drawing callout with functional requirements.
| Tolerance Parameter (EN 15800) | Grade 1 (Fine / Precision) | Grade 2 (Standard Industrial) | Grade 3 (Coarse / Economical) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Coil Diameter (De / Di) | Tightest (≈ ±0.6% to ±1.2% D) | Standard CNC (≈ ±1.0% to ±2.0% D) | Wide (≈ ±2.0% to ±3.5% D) |
| Free Length (L0) & Load (F1, F2) | 100% load-sorted or CNC closed-loop | Statistical process capability (Cpk ≥ 1.33) | Secondary / non-critical retention loads |
| Squareness (e1, Ground Ends) | e1 ≤ 0.03 × L0 (≈ 1.7°) | e1 ≤ 0.05 × L0 (≈ 2.9°) | e1 ≤ 0.08 × L0 (≈ 4.6°) |
| Parallelism (e2, Ground Ends) | e2 ≤ 0.015 × De | e2 ≤ 0.030 × De | e2 ≤ 0.060 × De |
| Relative Manufacturing Cost Index | 1.30× – 1.50× (Slow grinding + 100% sorting) | 1.00× Baseline (Optimal cost/precision ratio) | 0.85× – 0.95× (High-speed coiling, unground) |
| Typical Industrial Application | Fuel injection, medical dosing, calibrated safety valves | 90% of automotive, electromechanical, and industrial assemblies | Battery contacts, covers, general return mechanisms |
Questions & Answers
01 What is the European equivalent of AISI 302 / ASTM A313 stainless spring wire ?
The European standard equivalent of AISI 302 (and AISI 301 in strip form) is Werkstoffnr. 1.4310 (X10CrNi18-8) governed by EN 10270-3 for spring wire and EN 10151 for precision spring strip. It features a shear modulus G ≈ 70,000 MPa and is Filame's most frequently coiled corrosion-resistant alloy for custom compression and torsion springs.
02 What is the difference between EN 15800 (DIN 2095) Grade 1, Grade 2, and Grade 3 ?
EN 15800 (which replaced DIN 2095) defines three manufacturing tolerance classes for cold-coiled compression springs. Grade 2 is the standard industrial precision achieved directly on modern CNC coiling machines (Cpk ≥ 1.33). Grade 1 requires slower coiling speeds, precision end grinding, and 100% camera/load sorting, increasing unit cost by 30%–50%. You can calculate exact millimeter and Newton limits in our EN 15800 Spring Tolerances Calculator.
03 Which spring alloy should I specify for temperatures above 250 °C ?
Cold-drawn carbon spring steel (EN 10270-1 SH/DH) relaxes above 100 °C, and stainless steel 1.4310 reaches its thermal limit around 250 °C. For 250 °C to 300 °C, specify precipitation-hardened 1.4568 (17-7 PH). Above 300 °C up to 650 °C, specify nickel-chromium superalloys such as Inconel X-750, Inconel 718, or Nimonic 90.
04 How do I convert an American drawing specifying Music Wire ASTM A228 or SAE 1075 to European stock ?
ASTM A228 Music Wire corresponds directly to European high-tensile patented cold-drawn wire EN 10270-1 DH (or SH for medium-high duty, Werkstoffnr. 1.1200). For stamped flat springs and clips, American SAE 1074 / 1075 corresponds to European cold-rolled carbon spring strip EN 10132-4 C75S (Werkstoffnr. 1.1248, AFNOR XC75), which Filame processes in-house on automatic stamping presses and Bihler machines.
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